The sandwich ELISA is a type of Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay that uses two antibodies: a capture antibody and a detection antibody. It is called a sandwich because the antigen is bound between antibodies. The extracted protein is added to antibody-coated wells (capture antibody) where it binds to the antibody during an incubation. Any unbound residue is washed away and a second antibody (detector antibody), which in enzyme labelled, is added. The detector antibody binds to the already bound protein residue. After a second wash, substrate is added. Colour develops as a result of the presence on the bound detector antibody. Red Stop reagent is added, and the colour of the resulting solution is observed.
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